Saturday,
December 24, 2016
HTLAAP002
Confirm Physical Health Status
Identify the five (5) organisational levels of the human body?
Confirm Physical Health Status
Identify the five (5) organisational levels of the human body?
What are the main functions of antibodies?
An antibody, also known as an immunoglobulin, is a large Y-shaped protein produced by B-cells and used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses. ... The base of the Y plays a role in modulating immune cell activity.
https://www.boundless.com/.../structure-and-function-of-antibodies-985-10108/
what is eczema commonly known as?
Atopic dermatitis (commonly known as eczema) is an inherited, chronic inflammatory skin condition that usually appears in early childhood. Patches of skin become red, scaly and itchy. Sometimes, tiny blisters containing clear fluid can form and the affected areas of skin can weep.
ttps://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/.../eczema-atopic-dermatitis
briefly outline the main cause of eczema?
An antibody, also known as an immunoglobulin, is a large Y-shaped protein produced by B-cells and used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses. ... The base of the Y plays a role in modulating immune cell activity.
https://www.boundless.com/.../structure-and-function-of-antibodies-985-10108/
what is eczema commonly known as?
Atopic dermatitis (commonly known as eczema) is an inherited, chronic inflammatory skin condition that usually appears in early childhood. Patches of skin become red, scaly and itchy. Sometimes, tiny blisters containing clear fluid can form and the affected areas of skin can weep.
ttps://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/.../eczema-atopic-dermatitis
briefly outline the main cause of eczema?
Environmental factors are also
known to bring out the symptoms of
eczema. These include:
§ Irritants - soaps, detergents,
shampoos, disinfectants, juices from fresh fruits, meats, or vegetables
§ Allergens - dust mites, pets,
pollens, mold, dandruff
§ Microbes - bacteria such
as Staphylococcus aureus, viruses, certain fungi
§ Hot and cold temperatures - hot
weather, high and low humidity, perspiration from exercise
§ Foods - dairy products, eggs,
nuts and seeds, soy products, wheat
§ Stress -
it is not a cause of eczema but can make symptoms worse
§ Hormones - women can experience
worsening of eczema symptoms at times when their hormone levels are changing,
for example during pregnancy and at certain points in their menstrual cycle
§ http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/14417.php#causes_eczema
§ Or Eczema is a condition where
patches of skin become inflamed, itchy, red, cracked, and rough. Blisters can
also occur. It affects a large section of the American population to a lesser
or greater degree.
Identify two (2) effects of Aging on skeletal muscle?
Aging results in a gradual loss of muscle function, and there are predictable age-related alterations in skeletal muscle function. ... At the cellular level, muscles loose both cross-sectional area and fibre numbers, with type II muscle fibres being the most affected by aging. Some denervation of fibres may occur
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9689386
What is function of B-Cells?
B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system by secreting antibodies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_cell
What is the definition of Ventilation?
The exchange of air between the lungs and the atmosphere so that oxygen can be exchanged for carbon dioxide in the alveoli(the tiny air sacs in the lungs)
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=10705
What are the five (5) classic signs of inflammation?
Aging results in a gradual loss of muscle function, and there are predictable age-related alterations in skeletal muscle function. ... At the cellular level, muscles loose both cross-sectional area and fibre numbers, with type II muscle fibres being the most affected by aging. Some denervation of fibres may occur
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9689386
What is function of B-Cells?
B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system by secreting antibodies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_cell
What is the definition of Ventilation?
The exchange of air between the lungs and the atmosphere so that oxygen can be exchanged for carbon dioxide in the alveoli(the tiny air sacs in the lungs)
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=10705
What are the five (5) classic signs of inflammation?
The traditional names for signs
of inflammation come from Latin:
·
Dolor (pain)
·
Calor (heat)
·
Rubor (redness)
·
Tumor (swelling)
·
Functio laesa (loss of function)
·
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammation
What are six (6) cause of asthma?
· Airborne substances, such as
pollen, dust mites, mold spores, pet dander or particles of cockroach waste
· Respiratory infections, such as
the common cold
· Physical activity
(exercise-induced asthma)
· Cold air
· Air pollutants and irritants,
such as smoke
· Certain medications, including
beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen
(Aleve)
· Strong emotions and stress
· Sulphites and preservatives
added to some types of foods and beverages, including shrimp, dried fruit,
processed potatoes, beer and wine
· Gastroesophageal reflux disease
(GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/basics/causes/con-20026992
What are four processes of the digestive system?
There are four (4) stages of food processing: · Ingestion (eating): taking in nutrients (important part in food) · Digestion: using physical and chemical means to break down complex organic molecules into smaller usable parts · Absorption: pulling in digested molecules into the cells of the digestive tract, then into the blood · Egestion: the removal of waste food materials (e.g. cellulose = fibre) from the body These four steps are done by the digestive system. The steps occur in the GASTROINTESTINAL tract (a long TUBE open at both ends). Accessory glands such as the liver and p pancreas help during the process. The GI tract is also called the Alimentary tract.
http://scc.scdsb.edu.on.ca/Students/onlinecourses/Sikora/sbi3c/THEDIGESTIVESYSTEM.pdf
List five (5) symptoms of Type 1 diabetes?
There are four (4) stages of food processing: · Ingestion (eating): taking in nutrients (important part in food) · Digestion: using physical and chemical means to break down complex organic molecules into smaller usable parts · Absorption: pulling in digested molecules into the cells of the digestive tract, then into the blood · Egestion: the removal of waste food materials (e.g. cellulose = fibre) from the body These four steps are done by the digestive system. The steps occur in the GASTROINTESTINAL tract (a long TUBE open at both ends). Accessory glands such as the liver and p pancreas help during the process. The GI tract is also called the Alimentary tract.
http://scc.scdsb.edu.on.ca/Students/onlinecourses/Sikora/sbi3c/THEDIGESTIVESYSTEM.pdf
List five (5) symptoms of Type 1 diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes signs and symptoms
can come on quickly and may include:
·
Increased thirst.
·
Frequent urination.
·
Bedwetting in children who previously didn't wet the bed during the
night.
·
Extreme hunger.
·
Unintended weight loss.
·
Irritability and other mood changes.
·
Fatigue and weakness.
·
Blurred vision.www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-1-diabetes/.../symptoms/con-20019573
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis refers to the ability of an organism or environment to maintain stability in spite of changes. The human body is full of examples of homeostasis.
examples.yourdictionary.com/homeostasis-examples.html
How does the body maintain homeostasis?
The nervous and endocrine systems exert the ultimate control over homeostasis because they coordinate the functions of the body's systems. Regulation of body temperature, blood pressure, pH, and glucose concentration are four examples of how the body maintains homeostasis.
www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/maderbiology/supp/homeo.html
What is a disease?
The World Health Organization's claim that health is “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO, 1946) has been praised for embracing a holistic viewpoint, and equally strongly condemned for being wildly utopian: the historian Robert Hughes remarked that it was “more realistic for a bovine than a human state of existence” (Hudson, 1993).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1299105/
What are ways that the body can be in a disease state?
Homeostasis refers to the ability of an organism or environment to maintain stability in spite of changes. The human body is full of examples of homeostasis.
examples.yourdictionary.com/homeostasis-examples.html
How does the body maintain homeostasis?
The nervous and endocrine systems exert the ultimate control over homeostasis because they coordinate the functions of the body's systems. Regulation of body temperature, blood pressure, pH, and glucose concentration are four examples of how the body maintains homeostasis.
www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/maderbiology/supp/homeo.html
What is a disease?
The World Health Organization's claim that health is “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO, 1946) has been praised for embracing a holistic viewpoint, and equally strongly condemned for being wildly utopian: the historian Robert Hughes remarked that it was “more realistic for a bovine than a human state of existence” (Hudson, 1993).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1299105/
What are ways that the body can be in a disease state?
Ways infectious diseases spread
Germs can spread through:
§ the air as small droplets (droplet spread) or
tiny aerosol particles (airborne spread)
§ contact with faeces (poo) and then with the mouth (faeco-oral
spread)
§ contact with the skin or mucus membranes (the thin moist lining of
many parts of the body such as the nose, mouth, throat and genitals) (contact
spread)
§ Blood or other body fluids (for example, urine,
saliva, breast milk, semen and vaginal secretions).
Germs can spread:
§ directly from person to person
or
§ Indirectly from an infected
person to the environment (for example toys, door handles, bench tops, bedding
and toilets) and then to another person who comes in contact with the
contaminated environmental source.
Germs can enter the body
through the:
§ mouth
§ respiratory tract
§ eyes
§ genitals
§ Broken skin.
Some infections can be spread
in several different ways.
There are other ways of
describing how germs are spread that are commonly used. Germs can be spread
through sexual contact, which is usually through semen and
vaginal secretions (body fluids), but can also occur through contact with mucus
membranes. Germs can spread through food or water. Many but not all the germs spread in
this way are through contact with faeces and then with the mouth (faeco-oral).
Germs can also spread from a mother to her unborn child, usually though blood (body
fluids) but also through contact with skin or mucous membranes during delivery.
http://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/health+topics/health+conditions+prevention+and+treatment/infectious+diseases/ways+infectious+diseases+spread
<><>
Describe Technik M2
Explain what the effects of heat and cold have on
the body
List 4 examples of indications
List 4 examples of indications
Indications for massage
The definition of an indication for massage is literally, a reason to provide someone with a massage, or as a condition that massage may be able to influence positively. For example, a reason to recommend massage would be if they had pain or tension in a part of their body.
The definition of an indication for massage is literally, a reason to provide someone with a massage, or as a condition that massage may be able to influence positively. For example, a reason to recommend massage would be if they had pain or tension in a part of their body.
The list of indications for
massage is extensive, as you would imagine, but here are some common ones to
help you to understand the principle: back pain, neck or shoulder pain, muscle
spasm, muscle weakness, whiplash, nerve injuries, carpal tunnel syndrome, sciatica,
poor circulation, tendinitis, arthritis, fibromyalgia,
constipation, headaches and migraines, sinus disorders and skin
problems.http://www.sagemassage.edu.au/blog/indications-and-contraindications-for-massage-what-you-need-to-know/
List 3 situations/examples where m would be contra-indicated
Contraindications for massage
The definition of a contraindication for massage is a reason not to provide someone with a massage. A contraindication is something that massage may interact with negatively, for example a fever or severe pain.
The definition of a contraindication for massage is a reason not to provide someone with a massage. A contraindication is something that massage may interact with negatively, for example a fever or severe pain.
There is a long list of
contraindications for massage. Put simply, if a patient presents with an
absolute contraindication, under no circumstances should a massage be
performed. For example, contagious diseases, vomiting, diarrhoea, fever, severe
pain, kidney disease, or a history of thrombosis are all considered absolute
contraindications for massage.
It’s not all black and white
though. There are varying degrees of indications and contraindications.
Contraindications may be further defined as relative or absolute, general or
regional. What’s more, they can be a combination of these. Let’s look at the
main
categories:http://www.sagemassage.edu.au/blog/indications-and-contraindications-for-massage-what-you-need-to-know/
Absolute contraindications
When something is considered an absolute contraindication, it means that the client should not be given a massage in that particular area no matter what the circumstances. For example, if someone had DVT (deep vein thrombosis) under no circumstances should the lower calf muscles be massaged.
When something is considered an absolute contraindication, it means that the client should not be given a massage in that particular area no matter what the circumstances. For example, if someone had DVT (deep vein thrombosis) under no circumstances should the lower calf muscles be massaged.
Relative contraindication
When there is a level of caution or danger associated with a massage treatment, it is called a relative contraindication. With a relative contraindication, the massage may be performed, but simply modified to ensure the safety of the indicated area. This is typical where there has been a recent injury, or where there has been surgery. In these cases, a particular massage therapy treatment may be beneficial so long as it is performed by a knowledgeable and experienced massage therapist who knows how to avoid damaging the delicate tissues.
When there is a level of caution or danger associated with a massage treatment, it is called a relative contraindication. With a relative contraindication, the massage may be performed, but simply modified to ensure the safety of the indicated area. This is typical where there has been a recent injury, or where there has been surgery. In these cases, a particular massage therapy treatment may be beneficial so long as it is performed by a knowledgeable and experienced massage therapist who knows how to avoid damaging the delicate tissues.
General contraindications
When a contraindication affects the entire body, it is known as a general contraindication.
When a contraindication affects the entire body, it is known as a general contraindication.
Local contraindication
If the contraindication affects only a localised area of the body is known as a local contraindication.
If the contraindication affects only a localised area of the body is known as a local contraindication.
Combined contraindications
This term sounds a little trickier
than it is, but put simply, a condition may be any combination of local or
general, and relative or absolute. For example, DVT is both local and absolute
and an acute injury to the biceps insertion would be both relative and
local.http://www.sagemassage.edu.au/blog/indications-and-contraindications-for-massage-what-you-need-to-know/
This term sounds a little trickier
than it is, but put simply, a condition may be any combination of local or
general, and relative or absolute. For example, DVT is both local and absolute
and an acute injury to the biceps insertion would be both relative and
local.http://www.sagemassage.edu.au/blog/indications-and-contraindications-for-massage-what-you-need-to-know/What is an endangerment site? List 3 examples of endangerment sites
Massage may be contraindicated in these areas due to possible
injury. Some areas may be contraindicated for Swedish or deep tissue work,
whereas energy techniques may be beneficial.
Following are areas of concern and the area(s) involved:
Anterior Triangle of the Neck – The region bordered by the
sternocleidomastoid muscle, mandible and trachea.
Contains: carotid artery, jugular vein, vagus
nerve, submandibular gland and cervical lymph nodes.
Posterior Triangle of the Neck – The region bordered by the
sternocleidomastoid muscle, trapezius muscle and clavicle.
Contains: nerve roots that form the
brachial plexus, Subclavian artery, brachiocephalic and jugular veins and
cervical lymph nodes.
Inferior to the Ear – The notch posterior and inferior to
the ear.
Contains: external carotid artery,
styloid process of the temporal bone and facial nerve.
Axilla – Armpit.
Contains: axillary, median, radial,
musculocutaneous and ulnar nerve; axillary artery; basilica vein; and axillary
lymph nodes.
Medial Brachium – Upper, inner between the biceps and triceps (medial head)
muscles.
Contains: ulnar, median and musculocutaneous nerves; brachial artery;
basilica vein; and lymph nodes.
Cubical Area of the Elbow – Anterior aspect of the elbow.
Contains: median nerve, radial and ulnar
arteries and median cubical vein.
Ulnar Notch of the Elbow – Posterior elbow (funny bone).
Contains: ulnar nerve.
Abdomen – Upper abdomen, under the ribs.
Contains: liver and gallbladder on the right side, spleen on the left side
and the aorta in the centre (deep).
Back (Under Lumbar Region) – Region inferior to the ribs and
lateral to the spine.
NOTE: Do not perform percussion over the kidneys.
Contains: Kidneys.
Sciatic Notch – The indentation in the pelvic bones located deep to the gluteus Maximus
muscle.
Contains: sciatic nerve.
Femoral Triangle – The region bordered by the Sartorius muscle, adductor long as
muscle and inguinal ligament.
Contains: femoral nerve, femoral artery
and vein, great saphenous vein and inguinal lymph nodes.
Popliteal Fossa – The space posterior to the knee and bordered by the heads of the
gastrocnemius muscle and distal hamstring muscles.
Contains: popliteal artery and vein,
tibial nerve and common peroneal
nerve.http://suppliesformassage.com/sites-avoid-endangerment-sites/
Why is it important to know if you client is taking medication before m
one common medication that may require treatment alterations is anticoagulant medications [blood thinners] like Warfarin because they may make your clients more prone to bruising and internal bleeding.”
Always careful when giving deep tissue massage to someone on narcotic pain relievers.” This is because their pain perception may be altered and there is risk for overtreatment. But there are many medications that can cause side effects that massage therapists need to be aware of.
People take pain relieving medications, they may experience altered pain perception, low blood pressure, dizziness, and bleeding or bruising.
Under what conditions would you pass on a client's personal/health details to a third party without written prior consent
Besides verbal questioning, list 4 other examinations that can be performed to assist in diagnosing a client's problem
List 3 positive effects of m on the body
Effects
on the Cardiovascular System
Massage can:
· improve circulation by
mechanically assisting the venous flow of blood back to the heart
· dilate blood vessels helping them
to work more efficiently
· produce an enhanced blood flow;
delivery of fresh oxygen and nutrients to the tissues is improved and the
removal of waste products, toxins and carbon dioxide is hastened via the venous
system
· help temporarily to decrease
blood pressure, due to dilation of capillaries
· decrease the heart rate due to
relaxation
· Reduce ischemia (ischaemia is a
reduction in the flow of blood to body parts, often marked by pain and tissue
dysfunction).
Effects
on the Lymphatic System
Massage helps to:
· reduce oedema (excess fluid in
the tissue) by increasing lymphatic drainage and the removal of waste from the
system
· Regular massage may help to
strengthen the immune system, due to increase in white blood cells.
Effects
on the Nervous System
· Massage stimulates sensory
receptors: this can either stimulate or soothe nerves depending on the
techniques used.
· It also stimulates the
parasympathetic nervous system, helping promote relaxation and the reduction of
stress.
· Massage helps to reduce pain by
the release of endorphins (endorphins are also known to elevate the mood).
Effects
on the Skin
Massage can bring about:
· improved circulation to the
skin, increased nutrition to the cells and encouraging cell regeneration
· increased production of sweat
from the sweat glands, helping to excrete urea and waste products through the
skin
· vaso-dilation of the surface
capillaries helping to improve the skin’s colour
· improved elasticity of the skin
· Increased sebum production,
helping to improve the skin’s suppleness and resistance to infection.
Effects
on the Respiratory System
· Massage deepens respiration and
improves lung capacity by relaxing any tightness in the respiratory muscles.
· It also slows down the rate of
respiration due to the reduced stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
Effects
on the Digestive System
Massage can:
· increase peristalsis in the
large intestine, helping to relieve constipation, colic and gas
· Promote the activity of the
parasympathetic nervous system, which stimulates digestion.
Effects
on the Urinary System
· Massage increases urinary
output due to the increased circulation and lymph drainage from the tissues.
The
Physiological Effects of Massage
Massage can help to:
· reduce stress and anxiety by
relaxing both mind and body
· create a feeling of well-being
and enhanced self-esteem
· promote positive body awareness
and an improved body image through relaxation
· ease emotional trauma through
relaxation
http://massagetherapy.co.uk/therapies-information/treatment-descriptions/benefits-effects-of-massage/
Massage may pose an inherent risk to clients who do not disclose important medical information. What strategies should you follow to ensure disclosure?
What are 3 factors which may interfere with the effectiveness of m treatment?
What are 3 reactions during a treatment that would immediately end a treatment session?
Massage may pose an inherent risk to clients who do not disclose important medical information. What strategies should you follow to ensure disclosure?
What are 3 factors which may interfere with the effectiveness of m treatment?
What are 3 reactions during a treatment that would immediately end a treatment session?
<><<
Describe Technik M
Explain
what the effects of heat and cold have on the body
List 4 examples of indications
List 4 examples of indications
- Skin colour changes first
turning pale , then a blue tinge and finally black as the cells first
freeze and then die
- As the affected limb warms
it becomes painful , hot and blisters
- Hot dry skin, skin becoming
pale and sweaty (but not sweating as this response has shut down)
- Strong fast pulse
- Headache
- Vomiting and sickness
(adding to the loss of water and salts)
- Cramps (due to lack of salt)
- Casualty may say that they
feel cold but actually be hot to the touch
http://www.storm-crow.co.uk/articles/effects_heat_cold.html
List 3 situations/examples where massage would be contra-indicated
A contraindication is something that massage
may interact with negatively, for example a fever or severe pain.
For example, contagious diseases, vomiting,
diarrhoea, fever, severe pain, kidney disease, or a history of thrombosis are
all considered absolute contraindications for massage. http://www.sagemassage.edu.au/blog/indications-and-contraindications-for-massage-what-you-need-to-know/
What is an endangerment site? List 3 examples of endangerment sites
What is an endangerment site? List 3 examples of endangerment sites
During the massage, deep sustained pressure should not be performed on
areas where nerves and blood vessels surface to the skin, and are not well
protected by muscles and connective tissues. The following are the areas to be
avoided:
·
Sternum – is a long flat bony plate
shaped like a capital “T” located anteriorly to the heart in the center of the
chest.
·
Spinal Column – a series of contiguous or
interconnecting bony or cartilaginous segments that surround and protect the
spinal cord. Also known as the backbone.
·
Twelfth Rib – dorsal body (kidney) where
the kidney has no protective area.
- Varicose
Veins –
carries unoxygenated blood, swollen and knotted especially found in the
legs as a result of flaws in the valves of the affected veins.
http://e-tesda.gov.ph/Swedish/mod5/M5_L2_t2_endangerment.html
Why is it important to know if you client is taking medication before massage
Massage also should be
avoided if you’re taking certain medications. Pain medications reduce
sensation, so you may not feel pain if the therapist massages a sensitive area
or inadvertently presses hard enough to cause bruising or nerve damage.
Blood-thinning medications such as warfarin may make you vulnerable to bruising
and bleeding. http://www.nextavenue.org/when-say-no-massage/
- Diabetes – Avoid if you have
loss of sensation (diabetic neuropathy); avoid area of recent insulin
injection because massage may accelerate insulin uptake.
Under what conditions would you pass on a client's personal/health details to a third party without written prior consent
If it has not been possible to seek the
patient’s consent, you may disclose personal information without consent if the
benefits to an individual or to society of the disclosure outweigh both the
public and patient’s interest in keeping the information confidential. http://www.medicalprotection.org/
Besides verbal questioning, list 4 other examinations that can be performed to assist in diagnosing (phan tich; spotting) a client's problem
List 3 positive effects of massage on the body
Massage may pose an inherent risk to clients who do not disclose important medical information. What strategies should you follow to ensure disclosure?
What are 3 factors which may interfere with the effectiveness of m treatment?
Describe effleurage and when would it be used?
Describe frictions and when would it be used?
Describe kneading and when would it be used?
Describe longitudinal gliding strokes and when would it be used?
Describe petrissage and when would it be used
Describe compressions and when would it be used
Describe tapotement and when would it be used
Describe vibrations and when would it be used?
19. What are 3 reactions during a treatment that would immediately end a treatment session?
If your client get rash, itchy and allergic very badly will you continue massage?
Describe effleurage and when would it be used?
http://physioworks.com.au/FAQRetrieve.aspx?ID=40342
Effleurage: Gliding strokes with the palms, thumbs and/or fingertips by a linking movement therapist contact to client
while smoothly transferring from one movement
or area of the body to the next. (Can’t do in contra-indicated)
A slow, smoothly movement and stroke using
the flat of the hand. The fingers hold together and
moulded to the contour of client body. The fingers precede
the palm of the hand as it is moved along the body, and
they do apply some pressure by palm of the hand of therapist
The amount of pressure differ between the outward and return strokes - more pressure applied toward heart.
The speed of motion remain steady throughout the sequence
The movement is repeated several times over the same area on the body include: relaxation, stimulating the nerves, the blood supply, cleansing the skin, relaxing muscle fibres, reducing muscle tension.
http://www.ivyroses.com/Define/Effleurage
Describe frictions and when would it be used?
Cross-fiber friction is friction that goes against the direction of the muscle fibers, it is used often in Sports Massage. The benefits of friction are to address a joint, to reduce swelling, to bring blood to the areas of dry, stringy muscles and to rub soreness away.
touchofhealthmassage.com/swedish.shtml
Friction massage is typically done
using the ball of the thumb or a pointed object. It is a deep pressure massage
done in small circular movements to penetrate deep tissues. The technique
involves pressing on the tissue and rubbing it back and forth over the
underlying muscle. This helps loosen knots in muscles, increases blood flow and
relieves pain. A common example is massaging the muscles on either side of the
spine.
This
deep tissue massage is good for relieving very tired or sore muscles. As a
result, it is often used with athletes after a competition.
Do
not use this technique over the kidneys or the back of the knee. If you have
questions, always consult a physician before using.
https://massagers.wahl.com/why-massage/friction-massage
Describe kneading and
when would it be used?
Kneading can be performed in different ways and is described by the part of a hand used to accomplish the massage, e.g. thumb kneading and palm kneading. The pressure used must vary according to the purpose of the massage and the bulk of the tissues under treatment. The rhythm and rate of the movement are equally important as the pressure is applied intermittently.
http://physioworks.com.au/FAQRetrieve.aspx?ID=40342
Describe petrissage and when would it be used
Petrissage: Kneading movements with the hands, thumbs and/or fingers
A massage technique in the group of petrissage movements
involve compressing soft tissues (such as skin and muscle tissue) against each other and against the underlying bones
A circular technique by which the skin and its underlying structures are moved in a circular rotating motion on the underlying structures (e.g. of muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones). Tissue is lifted and rolled away from the bone, and then back towards the bone with a squeezing compressive action
using different parts of the therapists hand and fingers depending on the area of the body that is being kneaded.
Other variations on this technique also depend on the area that is being worked
Petrissage movement such as kneading should not be applied in:
any inflamed areas (appendicitis)
in cases of hernia
during pregnancy, or
intensively over recent muscle strains or scars.
http://www.ivyroses.com/Define/Kneading
Describe longitudinal gliding strokes and when would it be used?
Longitudinal gliding is a basic but effective massage technique administered in the direction of the blood flow. It aids the fluid dispersion from the injury site, and thus helps reduce inflammation and swelling. It is also very useful in relaxing tight muscles.
http://physioworks.com.au/FAQRetrieve.aspx?ID=40342
Describe compressions and when would it be used
Kneading can be performed in different ways and is described by the part of a hand used to accomplish the massage, e.g. thumb kneading and palm kneading. The pressure used must vary according to the purpose of the massage and the bulk of the tissues under treatment. The rhythm and rate of the movement are equally important as the pressure is applied intermittently.
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Describe petrissage and when would it be used
Petrissage: Kneading movements with the hands, thumbs and/or fingers
A massage technique in the group of petrissage movements
involve compressing soft tissues (such as skin and muscle tissue) against each other and against the underlying bones
A circular technique by which the skin and its underlying structures are moved in a circular rotating motion on the underlying structures (e.g. of muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones). Tissue is lifted and rolled away from the bone, and then back towards the bone with a squeezing compressive action
using different parts of the therapists hand and fingers depending on the area of the body that is being kneaded.
Other variations on this technique also depend on the area that is being worked
Petrissage movement such as kneading should not be applied in:
any inflamed areas (appendicitis)
in cases of hernia
during pregnancy, or
intensively over recent muscle strains or scars.
http://www.ivyroses.com/Define/Kneading
Describe longitudinal gliding strokes and when would it be used?
Longitudinal gliding is a basic but effective massage technique administered in the direction of the blood flow. It aids the fluid dispersion from the injury site, and thus helps reduce inflammation and swelling. It is also very useful in relaxing tight muscles.
http://physioworks.com.au/FAQRetrieve.aspx?ID=40342
Describe compressions and when would it be used
Compression Massage
Rhythmic compression into
muscles used to create a deep hyperaemia and softening effect in the tissues.
It is generally used as a warm-up for deeper, more specific massage work.
Sports massage utilises compression massage.
http://physioworks.com.au/FAQRetrieve.aspx?ID=40342
Describe
tapotement and when would it be used
Is
and equivalent term to percussion but more technical include:
Cupping
Hacking
Plucking
Pounding
Pummelling
and
Tapping
Tapotement
movements may be applied to the fleshy parts of the body, e.g. buttocks, but
are movements should not be used as indicated below:
Not
directly over bony protuberances
Not
over surface (superficial) nerves
Not
over paralysed muscles
Not
during pregnancy
A
tapotement movement usually takes the form of rapid movements, from the wrists
in which the body is struck with soft blows from each hand alternately. The
differences between the percussion techniques listed above includes the part of
therapist's hands used to strike the client and the action used
Tapotement
movements are generally performed for relatively short but eve
sequences/durations over specific areas of the body. They may then be continued
over an adjacent area or smoothly followed by a different tapotement techniques
or other m manipulation. These movement hard or aggressive or continued for too
long in one area because to do so may not be comfortable for the client and
stimulate the skin, muscles or nerves in that area.
Tapotement
can stimulating the skin or muscle reflexes. However, these techniques are
taught as part of courses in Swedish m and may be omitted altogether from some
holistic and aromatherapy m routines. Therapists generally select techniques
appropriate to achieve the purpose of any particular treatment, as discussed
during the consultation proceeding the treatment.
http://www.ivyroses.com/Define/Tapotement
Describe
vibrations and when would it be used?
·
Vibration:
Oscillatory movements that shake or vibrate the body
Vibrations are a technique in which tissues of the body are pressed and released in an 'up' and 'down' movement. This often takes the form of a fine trembling movement applied using the palmar surfaces or just some of the finger of the fingertips of either or both hands
This is not one of the most common m movements
The effects of m vibrations can include:
soothing irritated nerves
loosening scar tissue
relaxing muscles in the forearm
stimulating circulation (e.g. systemic blood circulation, also circulation in animals)
stimulating glandular activity
The specific benefits of the m technique of vibrations depend on where on the body they are applied
http://www.ivyroses.com/Define/Vibrations
Vibrations are a technique in which tissues of the body are pressed and released in an 'up' and 'down' movement. This often takes the form of a fine trembling movement applied using the palmar surfaces or just some of the finger of the fingertips of either or both hands
This is not one of the most common m movements
The effects of m vibrations can include:
soothing irritated nerves
loosening scar tissue
relaxing muscles in the forearm
stimulating circulation (e.g. systemic blood circulation, also circulation in animals)
stimulating glandular activity
The specific benefits of the m technique of vibrations depend on where on the body they are applied
http://www.ivyroses.com/Define/Vibrations
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